Citizenship 9: Canada at War Student Investigation Log Sheet

1. Why is William at war? [Check Page 1 WWI Story]
Did Canadian MPs vote on this war, or did British alliance dominoes decide it? Who were our two imperial enemies?

2. Map & Trench Location: [Check Western Front Map]
Across what two European countries did the trenches cut? Name the narrow body of water between England and France:

3. The Human Toll: [Check WWI Stats]
How many total people died globally in WWI (military and civilian), and how many Canadian soldiers were killed?

4. The Breakthrough: [Check Fact Line End]
How did four years of stalemate finally end in 1918? On what exact date and hour did the Armistice take effect?

1. Segregation & Formation: [Check Page 1 Bottom Banner]
Why were Black men first turned away at local recruiting offices, and what did Black leaders do about it?

2. Essential Work under Fire: [Check Page 1 Bottom Banner]
What dangerous construction work did the men perform in French forests to keep frontline trenches and artillery supplied?

3. Civilian Rights at Home: [Check Page 1 Bottom Banner]
While these soldiers risked their lives for democracy overseas, what unequal treatment did Black Nova Scotians still face at home?

4. Truro Apology (July 2022): [Check Page 1 Bottom Banner]
What historic ceremony occurred in Truro, NS, in July 2022? Why did the Prime Minister deliver an official national apology?

1. The Deadly Cargo: [Check Page 2 Home Front Map & Event 1]
What French ship was loaded with 2,900 tonnes of war explosives? What Norwegian vessel collided with her?

2. The Blast & Casualties: [Check Page 2 Event 1]
How many civilians died instantly or from the firestorm, and how many were wounded or blinded across Halifax and Dartmouth?

3. War Port Lifeline: [Check Page 1 & Page 2 Local Effects]
Why was Halifax Harbour so crowded with munitions and war ships if the actual combat was 5,000 km away in France?

4. Winter Rescue: [Check Page 2 Event 1]
What severe weather hit Halifax the following day, and which American city sent immediate emergency medical relief trains?

1. Parliament Votes for a Two-Front War: [Check Page 1 WWII Story]
How was Canada's entry into WWII different from 1914? What two global theatres and Axis enemies did Parliament declare war against?

2. Bedford Basin Assembly: [Check Page 1 Map & Local Effects]
Where in our harbour did hundreds of merchant supply ships assemble? What danger stalked them in the mid-Atlantic U-Boat Gap?

3. Imperial Japan & The Atomic Age: [Check Page 1 WWII Story & Fact Line]
Why did Imperial Japan invade its neighbours, and what Canadian resource helped develop the atomic weapons that ended the war?

4. The United Nations: [Check Page 1 End & Atomic Age]
Why was the United Nations created in October 1945? What would a third world war fought with nuclear weapons do to all humanity?

1. Cold War Division & Invasion: [Check Page 1 Korea Story]
How did this war begin in June 1950? Under which new international body did Canada send 26,000 soldiers to defend the South?

2. Opposing Armies: [Check Page 1 Korea Fact Line]
Name the two communist powers whose armies attacked UN forces across the freezing, rugged Korean hills:

3. The 38th Parallel & DMZ: [Check Korea Map & Fact Line]
What border line divides North and South Korea today? Why is the war considered an armistice stalemate rather than a victory?

4. The Hidden Civilian Cost: [Check Korea Stat Header]
Of the roughly 3 million total people killed in Korea, who suffered the majority of deaths (soldiers or civilians)?

1. Suez Canal Invention (1956): [Check Page 2 Suez Card]
Who created UN Peacekeepers (Blue Helmets) during the Suez crisis, and what global prize did he win for preventing World War III?

2. Medak Pocket Combat (1993): [Check Page 2 Balkans Card]
In what European nation did Canadians engage in their heaviest firefight since Korea to halt ethnic cleansing of civilians?

3. Dallaire's Defiance in Rwanda (1994): [Check Page 2 Rwanda Card]
When extremist militias began slaughtering 800,000 Tutsi civilians, what did the UN command tell Gen. Roméo Dallaire to do?

4. The Moral Sanctuary: [Check Page 2 Rwanda Card]
Why did Dallaire refuse to leave, and how many innocent refugees did his small group of soldiers save from extermination?

1. Trigger for War (Sept 11, 2001): [Check Afghan Story]
What terrorist attacks occurred on 9/11, and what mutual defense rule (NATO Article 5) required Canada to join the mission?

2. Combat Environment & Threats: [Check Afghan Fact Line]
What insurgent force were Canadian troops battling, and what hidden weapon network (IEDs) made road patrols so deadly?

3. Nathan Smith of Tatamagouche: [Check Page 2 Afghan Local Effects]
Where was Pte. Nathan Smith from, where was he killed in 2002, and why was his loss a historic milestone for Canada?

4. The Human Balance Sheet: [Check Afghan Fact Line]
How many Canadian soldiers died in Afghanistan, and how many Afghan civilians were killed over the course of the conflict?